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Generally, inverters have various types that can differentiate them from one another. They may have the same function as a device that converts a DC source into AC, but they work differently. In this article, we will jointly discuss the differences between grid-tied vs off-grid inverter, starting from understanding how they work to pros and cons between the two types of inverters.
The Definition of Grid-tied Inverter
A grid-tied inverter is a device that can convert DC into AC, system works by connecting two energy sources, which are renewable energy and the main grid. Grid-tied inverters can function properly by connecting the inverter to the main grid and solar panels. In addition, grid-tied systems usually do not use batteries so if there is a power outage, the entire electrical circuit on the inverter will also shut down automatically.
Grid-tied systems have the advantage of saving money on electricity bills. Because the inverter can channel the excess power it gets from solar panels to the electricity grid, which allows users to get credit (net metering).
The Definition of Off-grid Inverter
An off-grid inverter is a device that converts DC sources into AC and is able to function without being connected to the main grid. Off-grid inverters can work by simply connecting to solar panels and using batteries as backup power. Connecting to the battery can keep the electricity working even if the solar panel does not produce enough energy to power the device.
Using off-grid is highly recommended for applications in areas with unstable electricity supply or no access to the grid.
Working Principles of Grid-tied vs Off-grid Inverters
Grid-tied and off-grid inverters have different ways of working to produce a clean energy supply. Here are the working principles of grid-tied vs off-grid inverters.
Grid-tied Inverter Working Principle
Grid-tied works by synchronizing with the power grid and solar panel. The inverter will automatically detect the frequency and voltage of the power grid. The AC power generated by the inverter will also be matched to the same voltage, frequency, and phase.
However, despite being connected to the main grid, the inverter is designed to prioritize the energy it gets from solar panels first, when the panels do not produce enough energy the inverter will switch to drawing power from the main grid. Conversely, if the solar panels produce excess power, then the excess power will be distributed to the main grid.
Off-grid Inverter Working Principle
The off-grid inverter works by getting DC energy from solar panels or other renewable energy sources such as wind turbines. Then some of the DC energy obtained will be stored in the battery for power backup when the solar panel does not produce enough energy, such as when the sun’s intensity decreases. Another part of the energy will be distributed directly to the inverter to convert the energy into AC according to the voltage and frequency of various household devices.
Off-grid systems are independent of battery capacity and sunlight intensity and do not require synchronization with the main grid. This makes the system suitable for use in areas with minimal grid access.
Key Difference Between Grid-tied vs Off-grid Inverters
After understanding grid-tied and off-grid inverters, each of the devices has differences. Here is a summary of the key differences between grid-tied vs off-grid inverters.
| Aspect | Grid-tied Inverter | Off-grid Inverter |
|---|---|---|
| Connection | Need connection to the main grid. | Focus on renewable energy (solar panel and battery) |
| Dependence | Depends on the main grid for synchronization. | Independent, no need to depend to main grid. |
| Battery Usage | Optional (usually not used). | Need to used battery. |
| Main Function | Send energy to the grid or use independently. | Provides energy to be used independently and back up power in the battery. |
| Operation When Grid Off | Automatic shutdown when the grid is off. | Still functions with depend on battery power. |
| Cost Efficiency | Lower installation costs. | Higher cost because it requires batteries. |
| Suitable for | Areas with a stable electricity. | Areas without access to the electricity. |
Pros and Cons Grid-tied vs Off-grid Inverters
Using grid-tied and off-grid have their advantages and disadvantages, here are the pros and cons of grid-tied vs off-grid inverters.
Grid-tied
Pros:
- Installation and maintenance costs are usually lower because it does not require a battery in its application.
- More cost-effective, as excess energy obtained from solar panels can be transferred to the main grid and users will get credit (net metering).
- The power conversion will be directly to the grid, thus reducing energy losses compared to storing it in batteries.
- Suitable for areas with a stable electricity grid.
Cons:
- Does not work when the power grid is off.
- Requires connectivity with the main power grid to work and function properly.
- Requires permission from the electricity provider to connect to the grid.
- Need to follow local electricity regulations.
Off-grid
Pros:
- Works independently and does not need to be connected to the main power grid.
- Suitable for use in rural areas with minimal access to electricity.
- Provides sufficient backup power even when the panel does not produce enough energy.
- Can be used anywhere, even for traveling in a vehicle.
- The system will still function properly even when the main grid in the area is off.
Cons:
- The installation cost is quite high because it requires a battery in the system to work optimally.
- Batteries require proper maintenance and have a limited lifetime.
- Energy may be lost during the battery charging and discharging process.
- The energy obtained depends on the daily weather conditions.
Conclusion
In choosing between grid-tied or off-grid systems, it is necessary to pay attention to several points, such as the needs, location, and purpose of using the device. Both systems have advantages and disadvantages that can be used as a benchmark for users to choose wisely.
In addition, choose an inverter product from the best solar inverter manufacturer supplier. Make sure that the inverter product has good quality and performance. However, if you have doubts about choosing between the two systems, you can contact our experts here to conduct an in-depth consultation regarding the selection of the two systems.
Frequently asked questions
The use of the system depends on the user's needs. Where grid-tied systems are suitable for locations with stable electricity networks, off-grid systems are suitable for locations with unstable electricity networks.
When choosing an inverter, you need to pay attention to the various specifications, quality, performance, and prices offered by the supplier. JOEYOUNG itself is known as the best inverter supplier today, with various types of inverters they produce. JOEYOUNG is known as an off-grid inverter manufacturer supplier and grid-tied inverter manufacturer supplier today, with its outstanding quality and performance, moreover, the inverter has been equipped with various very capable features.
No, they are not the same. Grid-tied relies entirely on the main grid, and when the grid system experiences an outage, the inverter automatically shuts down. The hybrid inverter is a combination of grid-tied and off-grid systems, so if the main grid experiences an outage, the inverter can still function and back up power with batteries.
Here is an inverter purchase guide for you who are interested in starting to use a clean and environmentally friendly electricity system.
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